Author name: Bill Richards

The 4× Advantage What the 2008 Financial Crisis Teaches Federal Agencies About Leadership Investment Every major budget downturn produces the same argument: leadership development is a discretionary spend, and discretionary spending is the first thing to go. It is a rational-sounding position. The research evidence says it is wrong — and the consequences of getting […]

Budget pressure is a permanent feature of federal operations. And when pressure mounts, leadership development programs are predictably among the first casualties — budget line items that appear discretionary, visible enough to cut, and easy to defer. That instinct is understandable. It is also, according to a substantial body of peer-reviewed research, expensive. This article